419 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
419 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
# Installation
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GHCup makes it easy to install specific versions of GHC on GNU/Linux,
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macOS (aka Darwin), FreeBSD and Windows and can also bootstrap a fresh [Haskell developer environment](./#supported-tools) from scratch.
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It follows the UNIX philosophy of [do one thing and do it well](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_philosophy#Do_One_Thing_and_Do_It_Well). Similar in scope to [rustup](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rustup.rs), [pyenv](https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv) and [jenv](http://www.jenv.be).
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## How to install
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The following commands will download the `ghcup` binary into `~/.ghcup/bin` (or `C:\ghcup\bin` on windows) and then
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run it to interactively install the [Haskell Toolchain](#supported-tools). These commands should be run as **non-root/non-admin
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user**.
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For Linux, macOS, FreeBSD or Windows Subsystem 2 for Linux, run this in a terminal:
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```sh
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curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://get-ghcup.haskell.org | sh
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```
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For Windows, run this in a PowerShell session:
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```psh
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Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force;[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor 3072; try { Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock ([ScriptBlock]::Create((Invoke-WebRequest https://www.haskell.org/ghcup/sh/bootstrap-haskell.ps1 -UseBasicParsing))) -ArgumentList $true } catch { Write-Error $_ }
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```
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There's also a [youtube video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bB4fmQiUYPw) explaining installation on windows.
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If you want to know what these scripts do, check out the [source code at the repository](https://github.com/haskell/ghcup-hs/tree/master/scripts/bootstrap). Advanced users may want to perform a [manual installation](#manual-installation) and GPG verify the binaries.
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### Which versions get installed?
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GHCup has two main channels for every tool: **recommended** and **latest**. By default, it installs *recommended*.
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*latest* follows the latest release of every tool, while *recommended* is at the discretion of the GHCup maintainers and based on community adoption (hackage libraries, tools like HLS, stackage support, etc.) and known bugs.
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Also see [tags and shortcuts](../guide/#tags-and-shortcuts) for more information.
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## System requirements
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### Linux Debian
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#### Generic
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The following distro packages are required: `build-essential curl libffi-dev libffi6 libgmp-dev libgmp10 libncurses-dev libncurses5 libtinfo5`
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#### Version >= 11 && <= 12
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The following distro packages are required: `build-essential curl libffi-dev libffi7 libgmp-dev libgmp10 libncurses-dev libncurses5 libtinfo5`
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#### Version >= 12
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The following distro packages are required: `build-essential curl libffi-dev libffi8 libgmp-dev libgmp10 libncurses-dev libncurses5 libtinfo5`
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### Linux Ubuntu
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#### Generic
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The following distro packages are required: `build-essential curl libffi-dev libffi6 libgmp-dev libgmp10 libncurses-dev libncurses5 libtinfo5`
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#### Version >= 20.04 && < 20.10
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The following distro packages are required: `build-essential curl libffi-dev libffi7 libgmp-dev libgmp10 libncurses-dev libncurses5 libtinfo5`
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#### Version >= 20.10 && < 23
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The following distro packages are required: `build-essential curl libffi-dev libffi8ubuntu1 libgmp-dev libgmp10 libncurses-dev libncurses5 libtinfo5`
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#### Version >= 23
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The following distro packages are required: `build-essential curl libffi-dev libffi8ubuntu1 libgmp-dev libgmp10 libncurses-dev`
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### Linux Fedora
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#### Generic
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The following distro packages are required: `gcc gcc-c++ gmp gmp-devel make ncurses ncurses-compat-libs xz perl`
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### Linux CentOS
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#### Generic
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The following distro packages are required: `gcc gcc-c++ gmp gmp-devel make ncurses ncurses-compat-libs xz perl`
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#### Version >= 7 && < 8
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The following distro packages are required: `gcc gcc-c++ gmp gmp-devel make ncurses xz perl`
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### Linux Alpine
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#### Generic
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The following distro packages are required: `binutils-gold curl gcc g++ gmp-dev libc-dev libffi-dev make musl-dev ncurses-dev perl tar xz`
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### Linux (generic)
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#### Generic
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You need the following packages: curl g++ gcc gmp make ncurses realpath xz-utils. Consult your distro documentation on the exact names of those packages.
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### Darwin
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#### Generic
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On OS X, in the course of running ghcup you will be given a dialog box to install the command line tools. Accept and the requirements will be installed for you. You will then need to run the command again.
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On Darwin M1 you might also need a working llvm installed (e.g. via brew) and have the toolchain exposed in PATH.
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### FreeBSD
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#### Generic
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The following distro packages are required: `curl gcc gmp gmake ncurses perl5 libffi libiconv`
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### Windows
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#### Generic
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On Windows, msys2 should already have been set up during the installation, so most users should just proceed. If you are installing manually, make sure to have a working mingw64 toolchain and shell.
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## Next steps
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1. Follow the [First steps guide](../steps) on how to build a "Hello world" program, use `ghc`, run an interactive REPL and create a Haskell project
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2. To understand the difference and overlap of `stack` and `cabal`, read on [here](https://gist.github.com/merijn/8152d561fb8b011f9313c48d876ceb07)
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3. To learn Haskell proper check out the links at [How to learn Haskell proper](../steps#how-to-learn-haskell-proper)
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4. To learn more about Haskell Toolchain management, check out the [ghcup user guide](./guide.md)
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## Uninstallation
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On linux, just run `ghcup nuke`, then make sure any ghcup added lines in your `~/.bashrc` (or similar) are removed.
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On windows, right click on the `Uninstall Haskell.ps1` PowerShell script on your Desktop and select *Run with PowerShell*.
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## Supported tools
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GHCup supports the following tools, which are also known as the **Haskell Toolchain**:
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<details> <summary>Show all supported <a href='https://www.haskell.org/ghc/'>GHC</a> versions</summary>
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<table>
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<thead><tr><th>GHC Version</th><th>Tags</th></tr></thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr><td>9.8.1</td><td><span style="color:blue">latest</span>, base-4.19.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.6.3</td><td>base-4.18.1.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.6.2</td><td>base-4.18.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.6.1</td><td>base-4.18.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.4.7</td><td><span style="color:green">recommended</span>, base-4.17.2.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.4.6</td><td>base-4.17.2.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.4.5</td><td>base-4.17.1.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.4.4</td><td>base-4.17.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.4.3</td><td>base-4.17.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.4.2</td><td>base-4.17.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.4.1</td><td>base-4.17.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.2.8</td><td>base-4.16.4.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.2.7</td><td>base-4.16.4.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.2.6</td><td>base-4.16.4.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.2.5</td><td>base-4.16.4.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.2.4</td><td>base-4.16.3.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.2.3</td><td>base-4.16.2.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.2.2</td><td>base-4.16.1.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.2.1</td><td>base-4.16.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.0.2</td><td>base-4.15.1.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9.0.1</td><td>base-4.15.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.10.7</td><td>base-4.14.3.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.10.6</td><td>base-4.14.3.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.10.5</td><td>base-4.14.2.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.10.4</td><td>base-4.14.1.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.10.3</td><td>base-4.14.1.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.10.2</td><td>base-4.14.1.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.10.1</td><td>base-4.14.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.8.4</td><td>base-4.13.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.8.3</td><td>base-4.13.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.8.2</td><td>base-4.13.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.8.1</td><td>base-4.13.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.6.5</td><td>base-4.12.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.6.4</td><td>base-4.12.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.6.3</td><td>base-4.12.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.6.2</td><td>base-4.12.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.6.1</td><td>base-4.12.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.4.4</td><td>base-4.11.1.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.4.3</td><td>base-4.11.1.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.4.2</td><td>base-4.11.1.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.4.1</td><td>base-4.11.0.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.2.2</td><td>base-4.10.1.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8.0.2</td><td>base-4.9.1.0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>7.10.3</td><td>base-4.8.2.0</td></tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</details>
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<details> <summary>Show all supported <a href='https://cabal.readthedocs.io/en/stable/'>cabal-install</a> versions</summary>
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<table>
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<thead><tr><th>Cabal Version</th><th>Tags</th></tr></thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr><td>3.10.2.0</td><td><span style="color:blue">latest</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td>3.10.1.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>3.8.1.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>3.6.2.0</td><td><span style="color:green">recommended</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td>3.6.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>3.4.1.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>3.4.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>3.2.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>3.0.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.4.1.0</td><td></td></tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</details>
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<details> <summary>Show all supported <a href='https://haskell-language-server.readthedocs.io/en/stable/'>HLS</a> versions</summary>
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<table>
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<thead><tr><th>HLS Version</th><th>Tags</th></tr></thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr><td>2.4.0.0</td><td><span style="color:blue">latest</span>, <span style="color:green">recommended</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.3.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.2.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.1.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.0.0.1</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.0.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.10.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.9.1.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.9.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.8.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.7.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.6.1.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.6.0.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.5.1</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.5.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.4.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.3.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.2.0</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>1.1.0</td><td></td></tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</details>
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<details> <summary>Show all supported <a href='https://docs.haskellstack.org/en/stable/README/'>Stack</a> versions</summary>
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<table>
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<thead><tr><th>Stack Version</th><th>Tags</th></tr></thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr><td>2.13.1</td><td><span style="color:blue">latest</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.11.1</td><td><span style="color:green">recommended</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.9.3</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.9.1</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.7.5</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.7.3</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.7.1</td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>2.5.1</td><td></td></tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</details>
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## Supported platforms
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This list may not be exhaustive and specifies support for bindists only.
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| Platform | Architecture | ghcup | GHC | cabal | HLS | stack |
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| ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ |
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| Windows 8.1 | amd64 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
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| Windows 10 | amd64 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
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| Windows Server 2016 | amd64 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
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| Windows Server 2019 | amd64 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
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| Windows Server 2022 | amd64 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
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| Windows WSL1 | amd64 | ❌ | ❔ | ❔ | ❔ | ❔ |
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| Windows WSL2 | amd64 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
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| MacOS >=10.13 | amd64 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
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| MacOS <10.13 | amd64 | ❌ | ❔ | ❔ | ❔ | ❔ |
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| MacOS | aarch64 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ⚠️ | ❌ |
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| FreeBSD | amd64 | ✅ | ⚠️ | ✅ | ⚠️ | ❌ |
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| Linux generic | x86 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
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| Linux generic | amd64 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
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| Linux generic | aarch64 | ✅ | ⚠️ | ✅ | ⚠️ | ❌ |
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| Linux generic | armv7 | ✅ | ⚠️ | ✅ | ⚠️ | ❌ |
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### Windows <8.1
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No longer supported for recent GHCs, according to manual testing of GHC 9.8.1 on Windows 7.
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According to [msys2 documentation](https://www.msys2.org/docs/windows_support), the minimum Windows
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version is now 8.1.
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### WSL1
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Unsupported. GHC may or may not work. Upgrade to WSL2.
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### MacOS <10.13
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Not supported. Would require separate binaries, since >=10.13 binaries are incompatible.
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Please upgrade.
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### MacOS aarch64
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HLS bindists are still experimental. Stack has only unofficial binaries for this platform.
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There are various issues with GHC itself.
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### FreeBSD
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Lacks some upstream bindists and may need compat libs (such as `misc/compat12x`).
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HLS bindists are experimental.
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Only latest FreeBSD is generally supported.
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### Linux ARMv7/AARCH64
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Lower availability of bindists. Stack and HLS binaries are experimental.
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## Manual installation
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### Unix
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Download the binary for your platform at [https://downloads.haskell.org/~ghcup/](https://downloads.haskell.org/~ghcup/)
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and place it into your `PATH` anywhere.
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If you want to GPG verify the binaries, import the following keys first:
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```sh
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gpg --batch --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 7D1E8AFD1D4A16D71FADA2F2CCC85C0E40C06A8C
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gpg --batch --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys FE5AB6C91FEA597C3B31180B73EDE9E8CFBAEF01
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gpg --batch --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 88B57FCF7DB53B4DB3BFA4B1588764FBE22D19C4
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gpg --batch --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys EAF2A9A722C0C96F2B431CA511AAD8CEDEE0CAEF
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```
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Then adjust your `PATH` in `~/.bashrc` (or similar, depending on your shell) like so:
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```sh
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export PATH="$HOME/.cabal/bin:$HOME/.ghcup/bin:$PATH"
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```
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### Windows
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1. Install ghcup binary
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- choose a base directory for installation, e.g. `C:\` that has sufficient space
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- then create the directory, e.g. `C:\ghcup\bin`
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- download the binary: https://downloads.haskell.org/~ghcup/x86_64-mingw64-ghcup.exe
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- place it as `ghcup.exe` into e.g. `C:\ghcup\bin`
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2. Install MSYS2
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- download https://repo.msys2.org/distrib/msys2-x86_64-latest.exe and execute it
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- remember the installation destination you choose (default is `C:\msys64`)
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- finish the installation
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* Add environment variables and update `Path`
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- open search bar and type in "Edit the system environment variables", then open it
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- click on "Environment Variables..." at the near bottom
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- in the upper half, select `Path` variable and double click on it
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- in the new window, click "New", type in `C:\ghcup\bin` (depending on step 1.) and press enter
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- click "OK" at the bottom
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- in the upper half, click on "New..."
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- enter `GHCUP_MSYS2` under "Variable name" and the installation destination from step 2. under "Variable value"
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- click "OK" at the bottom
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- in the upper half, click on "New..."
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- enter `GHCUP_INSTALL_BASE_PREFIX` under "Variable name" and based on the installation destination from step 1. enter the device directory (default `C:\`)
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- click "OK" at the bottom
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- in the upper half, click on "New..."
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- enter `CABAL_DIR` under "Variable name" and based on the installation destination from step 1. enter the device directory + `cabal` subdir (default `C:\cabal`)
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- click "OK" at the bottom
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- click "OK" at the bottom
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- click "OK" at the bottom
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3. Install tools
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- open powershell
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- run `ghcup install ghc --set recommended`
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- run `ghcup install cabal latest`
|
||
- run `ghcup install stack latest`
|
||
- run `ghcup install hls latest`
|
||
- run `cabal update`
|
||
4. Update msys2
|
||
- run `ghcup run -m -- pacman --noconfirm -Syuu`
|
||
- run `ghcup run -m -- pacman --noconfirm -Syuu`
|
||
- run `ghcup run -m -- pacman --noconfirm -S --needed curl autoconf mingw-w64-x86_64-pkgconf`
|
||
- run `ghcup run -m -- pacman --noconfirm -S ca-certificates`
|
||
5. Update cabal config
|
||
- go to e.g. `C:\cabal` (based on device you picked in 1.)
|
||
- open file `config`
|
||
- uncomment `extra-include-dirs` (the `-- `) and add the value (depending on installation destination you chose in 2.), e.g. `C:\msys64\mingw64\include`... so the final line should be `extra-include-dirs: C:\msys64\mingw64\include`
|
||
- uncomment `extra-lib-dirs` and do the same, adding `C:\msys64\mingw64\lib`
|
||
- uncomment `extra-prog-path` and set it to `C:\ghcup\bin, C:\cabal\bin, C:\msys64\mingw64\bin, C:\msys64\usr\bin`, depending on your install destinations from 1. and 2.
|
||
6. Set up msys2 shell
|
||
- run `ghcup run -m -- sed -i -e 's/db_home:.*$/db_home: windows/' /etc/nsswitch.conf` to make the HOME in your msys2 shell match the one from windows
|
||
- make a desktop shortcut from `C:\msys64\msys2_shell.cmd`, which will allow you to start a proper msys2 shell
|
||
- run `ghcup run -m -- sed -i -e 's/#MSYS2_PATH_TYPE=.*/MSYS2_PATH_TYPE=inherit/' /c/msys64/msys2.ini`
|
||
- run `ghcup run -m -- sed -i -e 's/rem set MSYS2_PATH_TYPE=inherit/set MSYS2_PATH_TYPE=inherit/' /c/msys64/msys2_shell.cmd`
|
||
|
||
All set. You can run `cabal init` now in an empty directory to start a project.
|
||
|
||
## Esoteric distros
|
||
|
||
### Void Linux
|
||
|
||
Since void linux can be installed with glibc and musl, it's hard to support correctly with ghcup.
|
||
One way to make ghcup work on **Void Linux musl** is to follow the [Overriding distro detection](../guide/#overriding-distro-detection)
|
||
section and tell it to consider Alpine bindists only. E.g.:
|
||
|
||
```sh
|
||
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://get-ghcup.haskell.org | BOOTSTRAP_HASKELL_MINIMAL=1 sh
|
||
source ~/.ghcup/env
|
||
ghcup config set platform-override '{ "arch": "A_64", "platform": { "contents": "Alpine", "tag": "Linux" }, "version": "3.17" }'
|
||
ghcup install cabal --set latest
|
||
ghcup install ghc --set latest
|
||
ghcup install stack --set latest
|
||
ghcup install hls --set latest
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## Vim integration
|
||
|
||
See [ghcup.vim](https://github.com/hasufell/ghcup.vim).
|
||
|
||
## VSCode integration
|
||
The developers of the Haskell Language Server offer an [extension](https://github.com/haskell/vscode-haskell) tightly integrated with the [Haskell Language Server](https://github.com/haskell/haskell-language-server). To get started:
|
||
|
||
1. Install GHCup. During installation, opt in to install the Haskell Language Server (HLS).
|
||
2. Install the extension (from VSCode: Ctrl + P and then `ext install haskell.haskell`).
|
||
3. Make sure your project uses the GHC version installed from GHCup (otherwise HLS is likely to fail on launch):
|
||
- instructions for [stack](https://docs.haskellstack.org/en/stable/yaml_configuration/#system-ghc)
|
||
|
||
On Linux, some users have reported an issue when VSCode is not launched from a terminal ("cannot find ghc version"). A solution is to [let HLS know about your GHCup on $PATH](https://github.com/haskell/vscode-haskell#stackcabalghc-can-not-be-found).
|
||
|
||
## Get help
|
||
|
||
* [Libera IRC chat on #haskell-ghcup or #haskell](https://kiwiirc.com/nextclient/irc.libera.chat/?nick=Guest%7C?#haskell,#haskell-ghcup)
|
||
* [GHCup issue tracker](https://github.com/haskell/ghcup-hs/issues/new)
|
||
* [Matrix](https://app.element.io/#/room/#haskell-tooling:matrix.org)
|
||
* [Discord](https://discord.gg/pKYf3zDQU7)
|
||
|