246 lines
9.4 KiB
Markdown
246 lines
9.4 KiB
Markdown
# Asynchronous Lint Engine [](https://travis-ci.org/w0rp/ale)
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ALE (Asynchronous Lint Engine) is a plugin for providing linting in NeoVim
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and Vim 8 while you edit your text files.
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ALE makes use of NeoVim and Vim 8 job control functions and timers to
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run linters on the contents of text buffers and return errors as
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text is changed in Vim. This allows for displaying warnings and
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errors in files being edited in Vim before files have been saved
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back to a filesystem.
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In other words, this plugin allows you to lint while you type.
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## Supported Languages and Tools
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This plugin supports the following languages and tools. All available
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tools will be run in combination, so they can be complementary.
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<!--
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Keep the table rows sorted alphabetically by the language name,
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and the tools in the tools column sorted alphabetically by the tool
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name. That seems to be the fairest way to arrange this table.
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-->
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| Language | Tools |
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| -------- | ----- |
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| Ansible | [ansible-lint](https://github.com/willthames/ansible-lint) |
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| Bash | [-n flag](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-set), [shellcheck](https://www.shellcheck.net/) |
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| Bourne Shell | [-n flag](http://linux.die.net/man/1/sh), [shellcheck](https://www.shellcheck.net/) |
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| C | [cppcheck](http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/)|
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| C++ (filetype cpp) | [cppcheck] (http://cppcheck.sourceforge.net), [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/)|
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| CoffeeScript | [coffee](http://coffeescript.org/), [coffeelint](https://www.npmjs.com/package/coffeelint) |
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| CSS | [csslint](http://csslint.net/) |
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| Cython (pyrex filetype) | [cython](http://cython.org/) |
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| D | [dmd](https://dlang.org/dmd-linux.html)^ |
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| Elixir | [credo](https://github.com/rrrene/credo) |
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| Fortran | [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) |
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| Go | [gofmt -e](https://golang.org/cmd/gofmt/), [go vet](https://golang.org/cmd/vet/), [golint](https://godoc.org/github.com/golang/lint) |
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| Haskell | [ghc](https://www.haskell.org/ghc/), [hlint](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/hlint) |
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| HTML | [HTMLHint](http://htmlhint.com/), [tidy](http://www.html-tidy.org/) |
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| JavaScript | [eslint](http://eslint.org/), [jscs](http://jscs.info/), [jshint](http://jshint.com/) |
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| JSON | [jsonlint](http://zaa.ch/jsonlint/) |
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| Lua | [luacheck](https://github.com/mpeterv/luacheck) |
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| Perl | [perl -c](https://perl.org/), [perl-critic](https://metacpan.org/pod/Perl::Critic) |
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| PHP | [php -l](https://secure.php.net/), [phpcs](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer) |
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| Pug | [pug-lint](https://github.com/pugjs/pug-lint) |
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| Python | [flake8](http://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/) |
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| Ruby | [rubocop](https://github.com/bbatsov/rubocop) |
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| SASS | [sass-lint](https://www.npmjs.com/package/sass-lint) |
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| SCSS | [sass-lint](https://www.npmjs.com/package/sass-lint), [scss-lint](https://github.com/brigade/scss-lint) |
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| Scala | [scalac](http://scala-lang.org) |
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| TypeScript | [tslint](https://github.com/palantir/tslint) |
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| Verilog | [iverilog](https://github.com/steveicarus/iverilog), [verilator](http://www.veripool.org/projects/verilator/wiki/Intro) |
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| Vim | [vint](https://github.com/Kuniwak/vint) |
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| YAML | [yamllint](https://yamllint.readthedocs.io/) |
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*^ Supported only on Unix machines via a wrapper script.*
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If you would like to see support for more languages and tools, please
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[create an issue](https://github.com/w0rp/ale/issues)
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or [create a pull request](https://github.com/w0rp/ale/pulls).
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If your tool can read from stdin or you have code to suggest which is good,
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support can be happily added for more tools.
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## Usage
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Once this plugin is installed, while editing your files in supported
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languages and tools which have been correctly installed,
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this plugin will send the contents of your text buffers to a variety of
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programs for checking the syntax and semantics of your programs. By default,
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linters will be re-run in the background to check your syntax when you open
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new buffers or as you make edits to your files.
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### Options
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A full list of options supported for configuring this plugin in your
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vimrc file for all given linters is as follows:
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| Option | Description | Default |
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| ------ | ----------- | ------- |
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| `g:ale_echo_cursor` | echo errors when the cursor is over them | `1` |
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| `g:ale_echo_msg_format` | string format to use for the echoed message | `'%s'` |
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| `g:ale_echo_msg_error_str` | string used for error severity in echoed message | `'Error'` |
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| `g:ale_echo_msg_warning_str` | string used for warning severity in echoed message | `'Warning'` |
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| `g:ale_lint_delay` | milliseconds to wait before linting | `200` |
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| `g:ale_linters` | a dictionary of linters to whitelist | _not set_ |
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| `g:ale_lint_on_enter` | lint when opening a file | `1` |
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| `g:ale_lint_on_save` | lint when saving a file | `0` |
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| `g:ale_lint_on_text_changed` | lint while typing | `1` |
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| `g:ale_set_loclist` | set the loclist with errors | `1` |
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| `g:ale_set_signs` | set gutter signs with error markers | `has('signs')` |
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| `g:ale_sign_column_always` | always show the sign gutter | `0` |
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| `g:ale_sign_error` | the text to use for errors in the gutter | `'>>'` |
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| `g:ale_sign_offset` | an offset for sign ids | `1000000` |
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| `g:ale_sign_warning` | the text to use for warnings in the gutter | `'--'` |
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| `g:ale_statusline_format` | string format to use in statusline flag | `['%d error(s)', '%d warning(s)', 'OK']` |
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| `g:ale_warn_about_trailing_whitespace` | enable trailing whitespace warnings for some linters | `1` |
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### Selecting Particular Linters
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By default, all available tools for all supported languages will be run.
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If you want to only select a subset of the tools, simply create a
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`g:ale_linters` dictionary in your vimrc file mapping filetypes
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to lists of linters to run.
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```vim
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let g:ale_linters = {
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\ 'javascript': ['eslint'],
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\}
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```
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For all languages unspecified in the dictionary, all possible linters will
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be run for those languages, just as when the dictionary is not defined.
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Running many linters should not typically obstruct editing in Vim,
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as they will all be executed in separate processes simultaneously.
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This plugin will look for linters in the [`ale_linters`](ale_linters) directory.
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Each directory within corresponds to a particular filetype in Vim, and each file
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in each directory corresponds to the name of a particular linter.
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### Always showing gutter
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You can keep the sign gutter open at all times by setting the `g:ale_sign_column_always` to 1
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```vim
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let g:ale_sign_column_always = 1
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```
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### Customize signs
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Use these options to specify what text should be used for signs:
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```vim
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let g:ale_sign_error = '>>'
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let g:ale_sign_warning = '--'
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```
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### Statusline
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You can use `ALEGetStatusLine()` to integrate ALE into vim statusline.
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To enable it, you should have in your `statusline` settings
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```vim
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%{ALEGetStatusLine()}
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```
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When errors are detected a string showing the number of errors will be shown.
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You can customize the output format using the global list `g:ale_statusline_format` where:
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- The 1st element is for errors
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- The 2nd element is for warnings
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- The 3rd element is for when no errors are detected
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e.g
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```vim
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let g:ale_statusline_format = ['⨉ %d', '⚠ %d', '⬥ ok']
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```
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### Customize echoed message
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There are 3 global options that allow customizing the echoed message.
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- `g:ale_echo_msg_format` where:
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* `%s` is the error message itself
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* `%linter%` is the linter name
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* `%severity` is the severity type
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- `g:ale_echo_msg_error_str` is the string used for error severity.
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- `g:ale_echo_msg_warning_str` is the string used for warning severity.
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So for example this:
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```vim
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let g:ale_echo_msg_error_str = 'E'
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let g:ale_echo_msg_warning_str = 'W'
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let g:ale_echo_msg_format = '[%linter%] %s [%severity%]'
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```
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Will give you:
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## Installation
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To install this plugin, you should use one of the following methods.
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For Windows users, replace usage of the Unix `~/.vim` directory with
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`%USERPROFILE%\_vim`, or another directory if you have configured
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Vim differently. On Windows, your `~/.vimrc` file will be similarly
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stored in `%USERPROFILE%\_vimrc`.
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### Installation with Pathogen
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To install this module with [Pathogen](https://github.com/tpope/vim-pathogen),
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you should clone this repository to your bundle directory, and ensure
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you have the line `execute pathogen#infect()` in your `~/.vimrc` file.
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You can run the following commands in your terminal to do so:
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```bash
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cd ~/.vim/bundle
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git clone https://github.com/w0rp/ale.git
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```
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### Installation with Vundle
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You can install this plugin using [Vundle](https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim)
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by using the path on GitHub for this repository.
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```vim
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Plugin 'w0rp/ale'
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```
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See the Vundle documentation for more information.
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### Manual Installation
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For installation without a package manager, you can clone this git repository
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into a bundle directory as with pathogen, and add the repository to your
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runtime path yourself. First clone the repository.
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```bash
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cd ~/.vim/bundle
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git clone https://github.com/w0rp/ale.git
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```
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Then, modify your `~/.vimrc` file to add this plugin to your runtime path.
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```vim
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set nocompatible
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filetype off
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let &runtimepath.=',~/.vim/bundle/ale'
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filetype plugin on
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```
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Because the author of this plugin is a weird nerd, this is his preferred
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installation method.
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