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</pre><pre class="rust ">
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">std</span>::<span class="ident">ops</span>::<span class="ident">Neg</span>;
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">std</span>::{<span class="ident">f32</span>, <span class="ident">f64</span>};
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">std</span>::<span class="ident">num</span>::<span class="ident">Wrapping</span>;
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">Num</span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// Useful functions for signed numbers (i.e. numbers that can be negative).</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">Signed</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">Num</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">Neg</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Output</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">Self</span><span class="op">></span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// Computes the absolute value.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// For `f32` and `f64`, `NaN` will be returned if the number is `NaN`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// For signed integers, `::MIN` will be returned if the number is `::MIN`.</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">abs</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="self">Self</span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// The positive difference of two numbers.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns `zero` if the number is less than or equal to `other`, otherwise the difference</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// between `self` and `other` is returned.</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">abs_sub</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="self">Self</span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns the sign of the number.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// For `f32` and `f64`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// * `1.0` if the number is positive, `+0.0` or `INFINITY`</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// * `-1.0` if the number is negative, `-0.0` or `NEG_INFINITY`</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// * `NaN` if the number is `NaN`</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// For signed integers:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// * `0` if the number is zero</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// * `1` if the number is positive</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// * `-1` if the number is negative</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">signum</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="self">Self</span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns true if the number is positive and false if the number is zero or negative.</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">is_positive</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns true if the number is negative and false if the number is zero or positive.</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">is_negative</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>;
}
<span class="macro">macro_rules</span><span class="macro">!</span> <span class="ident">signed_impl</span> {
($(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span>:<span class="ident">ty</span>)<span class="kw-2">*</span>) <span class="op">=></span> ($(
<span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">Signed</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span> {
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">abs</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span> {
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">is_negative</span>() { <span class="op">-</span><span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span> } <span class="kw">else</span> { <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span> }
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">abs_sub</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span> {
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span> <span class="op"><=</span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="ident">other</span> { <span class="number">0</span> } <span class="kw">else</span> { <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span> <span class="op">-</span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="ident">other</span> }
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">signum</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span> {
<span class="ident">n</span> <span class="kw">if</span> <span class="ident">n</span> <span class="op">></span> <span class="number">0</span> <span class="op">=></span> <span class="number">1</span>,
<span class="number">0</span> <span class="op">=></span> <span class="number">0</span>,
_ <span class="op">=></span> <span class="op">-</span><span class="number">1</span>,
}
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">is_positive</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> { <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span> <span class="op">></span> <span class="number">0</span> }
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">is_negative</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> { <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span> <span class="op"><</span> <span class="number">0</span> }
}
)<span class="kw-2">*</span>)
}
<span class="macro">signed_impl</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">isize</span> <span class="ident">i8</span> <span class="ident">i16</span> <span class="ident">i32</span> <span class="ident">i64</span>);
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="ident">Signed</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Signed</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">Wrapping</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="ident">Wrapping</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span>: <span class="ident">Num</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">Neg</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Output</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">Wrapping</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">>></span>
{
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">abs</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="self">Self</span> {
<span class="ident">Wrapping</span>(<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="number">0</span>.<span class="ident">abs</span>())
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">abs_sub</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="self">Self</span> {
<span class="ident">Wrapping</span>(<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="number">0</span>.<span class="ident">abs_sub</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="number">0</span>))
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">signum</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="self">Self</span> {
<span class="ident">Wrapping</span>(<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="number">0</span>.<span class="ident">signum</span>())
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">is_positive</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> { <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="number">0</span>.<span class="ident">is_positive</span>() }
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">is_negative</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> { <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="number">0</span>.<span class="ident">is_negative</span>() }
}
<span class="macro">macro_rules</span><span class="macro">!</span> <span class="ident">signed_float_impl</span> {
(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span>:<span class="ident">ty</span>, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">nan</span>:<span class="ident">expr</span>, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">inf</span>:<span class="ident">expr</span>, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">neg_inf</span>:<span class="ident">expr</span>) <span class="op">=></span> {
<span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">Signed</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// Computes the absolute value. Returns `NAN` if the number is `NAN`.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">abs</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span> {
<span class="op"><</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span><span class="op">></span>::<span class="ident">abs</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// The positive difference of two numbers. Returns `0.0` if the number is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// less than or equal to `other`, otherwise the difference between`self`</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// and `other` is returned.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">allow</span>(<span class="ident">deprecated</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">abs_sub</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span> {
<span class="op"><</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span><span class="op">></span>::<span class="ident">abs_sub</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="ident">other</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// # Returns</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// - `1.0` if the number is positive, `+0.0` or `INFINITY`</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// - `-1.0` if the number is negative, `-0.0` or `NEG_INFINITY`</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// - `NAN` if the number is NaN</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">signum</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span> {
<span class="op"><</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span><span class="op">></span>::<span class="ident">signum</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns `true` if the number is positive, including `+0.0` and `INFINITY`</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">is_positive</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> { <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span> <span class="op">></span> <span class="number">0.0</span> <span class="op">||</span> (<span class="number">1.0</span> <span class="op">/</span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">==</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">inf</span> }
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns `true` if the number is negative, including `-0.0` and `NEG_INFINITY`</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">is_negative</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> { <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span> <span class="op"><</span> <span class="number">0.0</span> <span class="op">||</span> (<span class="number">1.0</span> <span class="op">/</span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">==</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">neg_inf</span> }
}
}
}
<span class="macro">signed_float_impl</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">f32</span>, <span class="ident">f32</span>::<span class="ident">NAN</span>, <span class="ident">f32</span>::<span class="ident">INFINITY</span>, <span class="ident">f32</span>::<span class="ident">NEG_INFINITY</span>);
<span class="macro">signed_float_impl</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">f64</span>, <span class="ident">f64</span>::<span class="ident">NAN</span>, <span class="ident">f64</span>::<span class="ident">INFINITY</span>, <span class="ident">f64</span>::<span class="ident">NEG_INFINITY</span>);
<span class="doccomment">/// Computes the absolute value.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// For `f32` and `f64`, `NaN` will be returned if the number is `NaN`</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// For signed integers, `::MIN` will be returned if the number is `::MIN`.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>(<span class="ident">always</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">abs</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="ident">Signed</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="ident">value</span>: <span class="ident">T</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">T</span> {
<span class="ident">value</span>.<span class="ident">abs</span>()
}
<span class="doccomment">/// The positive difference of two numbers.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns zero if `x` is less than or equal to `y`, otherwise the difference</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// between `x` and `y` is returned.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>(<span class="ident">always</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">abs_sub</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="ident">Signed</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="ident">x</span>: <span class="ident">T</span>, <span class="ident">y</span>: <span class="ident">T</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">T</span> {
<span class="ident">x</span>.<span class="ident">abs_sub</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">y</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns the sign of the number.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// For `f32` and `f64`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// * `1.0` if the number is positive, `+0.0` or `INFINITY`</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// * `-1.0` if the number is negative, `-0.0` or `NEG_INFINITY`</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// * `NaN` if the number is `NaN`</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// For signed integers:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// * `0` if the number is zero</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// * `1` if the number is positive</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// * `-1` if the number is negative</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>(<span class="ident">always</span>)]</span> <span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">signum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="ident">Signed</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="ident">value</span>: <span class="ident">T</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">T</span> { <span class="ident">value</span>.<span class="ident">signum</span>() }
<span class="doccomment">/// A trait for values which cannot be negative</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">Unsigned</span>: <span class="ident">Num</span> {}
<span class="macro">macro_rules</span><span class="macro">!</span> <span class="ident">empty_trait_impl</span> {
(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">name</span>:<span class="ident">ident</span> <span class="kw">for</span> $(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span>:<span class="ident">ty</span>)<span class="kw-2">*</span>) <span class="op">=></span> ($(
<span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">name</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">t</span> {}
)<span class="kw-2">*</span>)
}
<span class="macro">empty_trait_impl</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">Unsigned</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="ident">u8</span> <span class="ident">u16</span> <span class="ident">u32</span> <span class="ident">u64</span>);
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="ident">Unsigned</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Unsigned</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">Wrapping</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="ident">Wrapping</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span>: <span class="ident">Num</span> {}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">test</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">unsigned_wrapping_is_unsigned</span>() {
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">require_unsigned</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="ident">Unsigned</span><span class="op">></span>(_: <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">T</span>) {}
<span class="ident">require_unsigned</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">Wrapping</span>(<span class="number">42_u32</span>));
}
<span class="comment">/*
// Commenting this out since it doesn't compile on Rust 1.8,
// because on this version Wrapping doesn't implement Neg and therefore can't
// implement Signed.
#[test]
fn signed_wrapping_is_signed() {
fn require_signed<T: Signed>(_: &T) {}
require_signed(&Wrapping(-42));
}
*/</span>
</pre>
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