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Overhaul user guide

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Julian Ospald 2022-04-07 20:55:45 +02:00
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@ -43,13 +43,6 @@ All of the following are valid arguments to `ghcup install ghc`:
If the argument is omitted, the default is `recommended`.
## Configuration
A configuration file can be put in `~/.ghcup/config.yaml`. The default config file
explaining all possible configurations can be found in this repo: [config.yaml](https://gitlab.haskell.org/haskell/ghcup-hs/-/blob/master/data/config.yaml).
Partial configuration is fine. Command line options always override the config file settings.
## Manpages
For man pages to work you need [man-db](http://man-db.nongnu.org/) as your `man` provider, then issue `man ghc`. Manpages only work for the currently set ghc.
@ -64,6 +57,40 @@ as e.g. `/etc/bash_completion.d/ghcup` (depending on distro)
and make sure your bashrc sources the startup script
(`/usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion` on some distros).
# Configuration
A configuration file can be put in `~/.ghcup/config.yaml`. The default config file
explaining all possible configurations can be found in this repo: [config.yaml](https://gitlab.haskell.org/haskell/ghcup-hs/-/blob/master/data/config.yaml).
Partial configuration is fine. Command line options always override the config file settings.
## Env variables
This is the complete list of env variables that change GHCup behavior:
* `GHCUP_USE_XDG_DIRS`: see [XDG support](#xdg-support) above
* `TMPDIR`: where ghcup does the work (unpacking, building, ...)
* `GHCUP_INSTALL_BASE_PREFIX`: the base of ghcup (default: `$HOME`)
* `GHCUP_CURL_OPTS`: additional options that can be passed to curl
* `GHCUP_WGET_OPTS`: additional options that can be passed to wget
* `GHCUP_GPG_OPTS`: additional options that can be passed to gpg
* `GHCUP_SKIP_UPDATE_CHECK`: Skip the (possibly annoying) update check when you run a command
* `CC`/`LD` etc.: full environment is passed to the build system when compiling GHC via GHCup
### XDG support
To enable XDG style directories, set the environment variable `GHCUP_USE_XDG_DIRS` to anything.
Then you can control the locations via XDG environment variables as such:
* `XDG_DATA_HOME`: GHCs will be unpacked in `ghcup/ghc` subdir (default: `~/.local/share`)
* `XDG_CACHE_HOME`: logs and download files will be stored in `ghcup` subdir (default: `~/.cache`)
* `XDG_BIN_HOME`: binaries end up here (default: `~/.local/bin`)
* `XDG_CONFIG_HOME`: the config file is stored in `ghcup` subdir as `config.yaml` (default: `~/.config`)
**Note that `ghcup` makes some assumptions about structure of files in `XDG_BIN_HOME`. So if you have other tools
installing e.g. stack/cabal/ghc into it, this will likely clash. In that case consider disabling XDG support.**
## Caching
GHCup has a few caching mechanisms to avoid redownloads. All cached files end up in `~/.ghcup/cache` by default.
@ -83,6 +110,92 @@ have a 5 minutes cache per default depending on the last access time of the file
If you experience problems, consider clearing the cache via `ghcup gc --cache`.
## Metadata
The metadata are the files that describe tool versions, where to download them etc. and
can be viewed here: [https://github.com/haskell/ghcup-metadata](https://github.com/haskell/ghcup-metadata)
### Mirrors
GHCup allows to use custom mirrors/download-info hosted by yourself or 3rd parties.
To use a mirror, set the following option in `~/.ghcup/config.yaml`:
```yml
url-source:
# Accepts file/http/https scheme
OwnSource: "https://some-url/ghcup-0.0.6.yaml"
```
See [config.yaml](https://gitlab.haskell.org/haskell/ghcup-hs/-/blob/master/data/config.yaml)
for more options.
Alternatively you can do it via a cli switch:
```sh
ghcup --url-source=https://some-url/ghcup-0.0.6.yaml list
```
#### Known mirrors
1. [https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/docs/ghcup](https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/docs/ghcup)
### (Pre-)Release channels
A release channel is basically just a metadata file location. You can add additional release
channels that complement the default one, such as the **prerelease channel** like so:
```sh
ghcup config add-release-channel https://raw.githubusercontent.com/haskell/ghcup-metadata/master/ghcup-prereleases-0.0.7.yaml
```
This will result in `~/.ghcup/config.yaml` to contain this record:
```yml
url-source:
AddSource:
- Right: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/haskell/ghcup-metadata/master/ghcup-prereleases-0.0.7.yaml
```
You can add as many channels as you like. They are combined under *Last*, so versions from the prerelease channel
here overwrite the default ones, if any.
To remove the channel, delete the entire `url-source` section or set it back to the default:
```yml
url-source:
GHCupURL: []
```
If you want to combine your release channel with a mirror, you'd do it like so:
```yml
url-source:
OwnSource:
# base metadata
- "https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/ghcup/yaml/ghcup/data/ghcup-0.0.6.yaml"
# prerelease channel
- "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/haskell/ghcup-metadata/master/ghcup-prereleases-0.0.7.yaml"
```
# More on installation
## Installing custom bindists
There are a couple of good use cases to install custom bindists:
1. manually built bindists (e.g. with patches)
- example: `ghcup install ghc -u 'file:///home/mearwald/tmp/ghc-eff-patches/ghc-8.10.2-x86_64-deb10-linux.tar.xz' 8.10.2-eff`
2. GHC head CI bindists
- example: `ghcup install ghc -u 'https://gitlab.haskell.org/api/v4/projects/1/jobs/artifacts/master/raw/ghc-x86_64-fedora27-linux.tar.xz?job=validate-x86_64-linux-fedora27' head`
3. DWARF bindists
- example: `ghcup install ghc -u 'https://downloads.haskell.org/~ghc/8.10.2/ghc-8.10.2-x86_64-deb10-linux-dwarf.tar.xz' 8.10.2-dwarf`
Since the version parser is pretty lax, `8.10.2-eff` and `head` are both valid versions
and produce the binaries `ghc-8.10.2-eff` and `ghc-head` respectively.
GHCup always needs to know which version the bindist corresponds to (this is not automatically
detected).
## Compiling GHC from source
Compiling from source is supported for both source tarballs and arbitrary git refs. See `ghcup compile ghc --help`
@ -106,74 +219,6 @@ For distributions with non-standard locations of cross toolchain and
libraries, this may need some tweaking of `build.mk` or configure args.
See `ghcup compile ghc --help` for further information.
## XDG support
To enable XDG style directories, set the environment variable `GHCUP_USE_XDG_DIRS` to anything.
Then you can control the locations via XDG environment variables as such:
* `XDG_DATA_HOME`: GHCs will be unpacked in `ghcup/ghc` subdir (default: `~/.local/share`)
* `XDG_CACHE_HOME`: logs and download files will be stored in `ghcup` subdir (default: `~/.cache`)
* `XDG_BIN_HOME`: binaries end up here (default: `~/.local/bin`)
* `XDG_CONFIG_HOME`: the config file is stored in `ghcup` subdir as `config.yaml` (default: `~/.config`)
**Note that `ghcup` makes some assumptions about structure of files in `XDG_BIN_HOME`. So if you have other tools
installing e.g. stack/cabal/ghc into it, this will likely clash. In that case consider disabling XDG support.**
## Env variables
This is the complete list of env variables that change GHCup behavior:
* `GHCUP_USE_XDG_DIRS`: see [XDG support](#xdg-support) above
* `TMPDIR`: where ghcup does the work (unpacking, building, ...)
* `GHCUP_INSTALL_BASE_PREFIX`: the base of ghcup (default: `$HOME`)
* `GHCUP_CURL_OPTS`: additional options that can be passed to curl
* `GHCUP_WGET_OPTS`: additional options that can be passed to wget
* `GHCUP_GPG_OPTS`: additional options that can be passed to gpg
* `GHCUP_SKIP_UPDATE_CHECK`: Skip the (possibly annoying) update check when you run a command
* `CC`/`LD` etc.: full environment is passed to the build system when compiling GHC via GHCup
## Installing custom bindists
There are a couple of good use cases to install custom bindists:
1. manually built bindists (e.g. with patches)
- example: `ghcup install ghc -u 'file:///home/mearwald/tmp/ghc-eff-patches/ghc-8.10.2-x86_64-deb10-linux.tar.xz' 8.10.2-eff`
2. GHC head CI bindists
- example: `ghcup install ghc -u 'https://gitlab.haskell.org/api/v4/projects/1/jobs/artifacts/master/raw/ghc-x86_64-fedora27-linux.tar.xz?job=validate-x86_64-linux-fedora27' head`
3. DWARF bindists
- example: `ghcup install ghc -u 'https://downloads.haskell.org/~ghc/8.10.2/ghc-8.10.2-x86_64-deb10-linux-dwarf.tar.xz' 8.10.2-dwarf`
Since the version parser is pretty lax, `8.10.2-eff` and `head` are both valid versions
and produce the binaries `ghc-8.10.2-eff` and `ghc-head` respectively.
GHCup always needs to know which version the bindist corresponds to (this is not automatically
detected).
## Mirrors
GHCup allows to use custom mirrors/download-info hosted by yourself or 3rd parties.
To use a mirror, set the following option in `~/.ghcup/config.yaml`:
```yml
url-source:
# Accepts file/http/https scheme
OwnSource: "https://some-url/ghcup-0.0.6.yaml"
```
See [config.yaml](https://gitlab.haskell.org/haskell/ghcup-hs/-/blob/master/data/config.yaml)
for more options.
Alternatively you can do it via a cli switch:
```sh
ghcup --url-source=https://some-url/ghcup-0.0.6.yaml list
```
### Known mirrors
1. [https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/docs/ghcup](https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/docs/ghcup)
## Isolated installs
Ghcup also enables you to install a tool (GHC, Cabal, HLS, Stack) at an isolated location of your choosing.
@ -257,9 +302,9 @@ gpg-setting: GPGLax # GPGStrict | GPGLax | GPGNone
In `GPGStrict` mode, ghcup will fail if verification fails. In `GPGLax` mode it will just print a warning.
You can also pass the mode via `ghcup --gpg <strict|lax|none>`.
## Tips and tricks
# Tips and tricks
### Execute command with certain GHC in PATH
## ghcup run
If you don't want to explicitly switch the active GHC all the time and are using
tools that rely on the plain `ghc` binary, GHCup provides an easy way to execute