diff --git a/ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim b/ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim
index 7da5b3a..9080591 100644
--- a/ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim
@@ -5,7 +5,22 @@
 let g:ale_c_cppcheck_options = get(g:, 'ale_c_cppcheck_options', '--enable=style')
 
 function! ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return 'cppcheck -q --language=c '
+    " Search upwards from the file for compile_commands.json.
+    "
+    " If we find it, we'll `cd` to where the compile_commands.json file is,
+    " then use the file to set up import paths, etc.
+    let l:compile_commmands_path = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'compile_commands.json')
+
+    let l:cd_command = !empty(l:compile_commmands_path)
+    \   ? ale#path#CdString(fnamemodify(l:compile_commmands_path, ':h'))
+    \   : ''
+    let l:compile_commands_option = !empty(l:compile_commmands_path)
+    \   ? '--project=compile_commands.json '
+    \   : ''
+
+    return l:cd_command
+    \   . 'cppcheck -q --language=c '
+    \   . l:compile_commands_option
     \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'c_cppcheck_options')
     \   . ' %t'
 endfunction
diff --git a/ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim b/ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim
index 49cab0d..2255f63 100644
--- a/ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim
+++ b/ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim
@@ -5,7 +5,22 @@
 let g:ale_cpp_cppcheck_options = get(g:, 'ale_cpp_cppcheck_options', '--enable=style')
 
 function! ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand(buffer) abort
-    return 'cppcheck -q --language=c++ '
+    " Search upwards from the file for compile_commands.json.
+    "
+    " If we find it, we'll `cd` to where the compile_commands.json file is,
+    " then use the file to set up import paths, etc.
+    let l:compile_commmands_path = ale#path#FindNearestFile(a:buffer, 'compile_commands.json')
+
+    let l:cd_command = !empty(l:compile_commmands_path)
+    \   ? ale#path#CdString(fnamemodify(l:compile_commmands_path, ':h'))
+    \   : ''
+    let l:compile_commands_option = !empty(l:compile_commmands_path)
+    \   ? '--project=compile_commands.json '
+    \   : ''
+
+    return l:cd_command
+    \   . 'cppcheck -q --language=c++ '
+    \   . l:compile_commands_option
     \   . ale#Var(a:buffer, 'cpp_cppcheck_options')
     \   . ' %t'
 endfunction
diff --git a/test/command_callback/cppcheck_paths/one/compile_commands.json b/test/command_callback/cppcheck_paths/one/compile_commands.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/test/command_callback/cppcheck_paths/one/two/three/file.c b/test/command_callback/cppcheck_paths/one/two/three/file.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/test/command_callback/cppcheck_paths/one/two/three/file.cpp b/test/command_callback/cppcheck_paths/one/two/three/file.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/test/command_callback/test_cppcheck_command_callbacks.vader b/test/command_callback/test_cppcheck_command_callbacks.vader
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..665b4f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/command_callback/test_cppcheck_command_callbacks.vader
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+Before:
+  silent! cd /testplugin/test/command_callback
+  let b:dir = getcwd()
+
+After:
+  silent execute 'cd ' . fnameescape(b:dir)
+  unlet! b:dir
+  call ale#linter#Reset()
+
+Execute(The default C cppcheck command should be correct):
+  runtime ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim
+
+  AssertEqual
+  \ 'cppcheck -q --language=c --enable=style %t',
+  \ ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand(bufnr(''))
+
+Execute(cppcheck for C should detect compile_commands.json files):
+  runtime ale_linters/c/cppcheck.vim
+  cd cppcheck_paths/one
+
+  AssertEqual
+  \ 'cd ' . fnameescape(b:dir . '/cppcheck_paths/one') . ' && '
+  \ . 'cppcheck -q --language=c --project=compile_commands.json --enable=style %t',
+  \ ale_linters#c#cppcheck#GetCommand(bufnr(''))
+
+Execute(The default C++ cppcheck command should be correct):
+  runtime ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim
+
+  AssertEqual
+  \ 'cppcheck -q --language=c++ --enable=style %t',
+  \ ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand(bufnr(''))
+
+Execute(cppcheck for C++ should detect compile_commands.json files):
+  runtime ale_linters/cpp/cppcheck.vim
+  cd cppcheck_paths/one
+
+  AssertEqual
+  \ 'cd ' . fnameescape(b:dir . '/cppcheck_paths/one') . ' && '
+  \ . 'cppcheck -q --language=c++ --project=compile_commands.json --enable=style %t',
+  \ ale_linters#cpp#cppcheck#GetCommand(bufnr(''))